Most vomiting in children is caused by gastroenteritis, usually caused by viruses that infect the digestive tract / gastrointestinal. (Gastroenteritis is sometimes called "stomach flu", which can cause nausea and diarrhea). These infections usually do not last long and is causing disruption of daily than the danger. However, in children (especially infants) who are unable to drink enough fluids and diarrhea can become dehydrated.
It is important to remain calm, vomiting is frightening for children and parents as well as tiring for the children. Soothing your child and take preventative measures is key to recovery of dehydration from diarrhea.
For Babies Under 6 Months
- Avoid giving water to infants <6 months unless your doctor directly determine the amount.
- Offer your baby in small amounts but often - about 2 to 3 teaspoons, or up to ½ ounce (about 20 milliliters) of oral rehydration fluid every 15 to 20 minutes with a spoon or injections without a needle (such as pipettes with measurable dose) by mouth . Oral rehydration solution containing electrolyte, salt and sugar are balanced to replace fluids lost from vomiting or diarrhea. It is very important for the infants received fluids containing electrolyte, sugar and salt are appropriate (oral electrolyte fluids that do not taste the best option for infants <6 months).
- Gradually increase the amount of oral rehydration solution that you provided when your baby can receive it within a few hours of delivery without vomiting. For example, if your child used to get 4 ounces (or about 120 milliliters) every drinking time, then slowly give up a number of these are oral rehydration fluids throughout the day.
- Do not give oral rehydration fluids too much at one time your baby usually drink normally - can lead to too much fluid and can cause vomiting.
- Once your baby gets an oral rehydration solution (more than about 8 hours) without vomiting, you can give back to breast milk or formula introduced slowly (if your baby is formula fed.) Start with a small amount (½ to 1 ounce, or about 20-30 milliliters), then slowly give it more often and to the drinking patterns of daily routine when the baby is not sick.
- If you are breastfeeding exclusively and vomiting (not spit up, but vomit what he drank) more than once, then give milk for 5-10 minutes every 2 hours. If your baby is still vomiting, then call your doctor. After 8 hours without vomiting, you can resume normal feeding.
- If your baby under the age of 1 month and spew all they drink (not just spit up), then you can contact a doctor.
For Babies 6 Months to 1 Year
- Avoid giving water to infants under 1 year of age, unless your doctor directly determine the amount.
- Give your baby in small amounts but often - about 3 teaspoons, or ½ ounce (about 20 milliliters) - oral rehydration fluid every 15-20 minutes. It is important that any fluids given to infants under 1 year old who vomited contain electrolytes, sugar and salt are suitable to replace what is lost from vomiting or diarrhea.
- Infants over 6 months of age may not like oral rehydration fluid without flavor. Can diebrikan oral rehydration solution with a sense or you can add ½ teaspoon (about 3 milliliters) of juice to each give a sense of oral rehydration fluids. Oral rehydration fluids are frozen (made pop ice) could be attractive to infants in this age group.
- Gradually increase the amount of fluid that you provided when your baby can receive it for more than a few hours without vomiting. For example, if your baby is used to get 4 ounces (about 120 ml) of each drink, then slowly give up to this amount of oral rehydration solution.
- Do not give oral rehydration fluids greater than the number of babies usually drink - this will make the bloating and may cause more vomiting.
- After your baby is given 8 hours without vomiting, you can give back to breast milk or formula slowly to your baby (if using formula milk). Start with small amounts (1 to 2 ounces, or about 30-60 milliliters), more often and slowly worked to near-normal amount of food normally. You can also start providing food solids in a small amount of soft that your baby used to eat such as bananas, cereals, biscuits, or other mild baby foods.
- If the baby does not vomit for 24 hours, you can return to normal eating patterns.
- Give fluids (milk and milk products should be avoided) in small amounts (ranging from 2 teaspoons to 2 tablespoons, or up to 1 ounce or 30 ml) every 15 minutes. Clear liquid suitable include:
- Oral rehydration solution, or add ½ teaspoon (about 3 milliliters) of fruit juice that is not acid to oral rehydration solution. Oral rehydration fluids frozen (pop ice)
- If your child is vomiting, then start again with a smaller amount (2 teaspoons, or about 5 milliliters) and continue as above.
- If no vomiting for approximately 8 hours, so snacks can be introduced gradually. But do not force any food. Your child will tell you when he's hungry. Salted crackers, toast, broths, or mild soups, mashed potatoes, rice, and bread can be given.
- If no vomiting for 24 hours, then you can slowly resume normal diet. Wait 2 to 3 days before re-introducing dairy products.
When to Call the Doctor
The greatest risk of vomiting due to gastroenteritis is dehydration. Call your doctor if your child refuses fluids or if the vomiting continues after using the suggestions above. Contact your doctor for signs of dehydration listed below.
Mild to moderate dehydration:
- Dry mouth
- Little or no tears when crying
- Fussy baby
- Less than four wet diapers per day in infants (over 4 to 6 hours without a wet diaper in infants under the age of 6 months)
- No urination for 6 to 8 hours in children
- The crown on the baby's head that looks flatter than usual or somewhat sunken severe dehydration:
- The mouth is very dry (see "sticky" inside)
- Dry, wrinkled, or pale skin (especially on the abdomen and upper arms and legs)
- Off or decreased consciousness
- Weak
- Sunken eyes
- Sunken fontanel in infants
- Continuous sleep
- Deep rapid breathing
- Not urinating more than 6 to 8 hours in infants
- No urination for more than 8 to 10 hours in children
- Rapid or weak pulse
- Vomiting or strong spurt in infants, especially infants less than 3 months
- Vomiting in infants after the infants had received oral rehydration solution for nearly 24 hours
- Vomiting started again as soon as you try to resume a normal diet in children
- Vomiting appeared after head injury
- Vomiting with fever (100.4° Fahrenheit / 38° Celsius rectal temperature in infants under the age of 6 months or more than 101-102° F / 38.3-38.9° Celcius in older children)
- Vomiting in green or greenish yellow
- Your child's stomach feels hard, bloated, and painful between vomiting episodes
- Vomiting is accompanied by severe abdominal pain
- Vomit resembles coffee grounds (blood that mixes with stomach acid will be brownish)
- Vomiting with blood
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